How to play
- For 8 to 16 players, mark a 20 by 20 metre area. The two end lines are the shores. Every minnow has a ball and starts behind one end line; two sharks without a ball wait in the middle.
- When the sharks shout "go", all the minnows dribble across together and stop the ball over the far line.
- The sharks try to win a ball or kick it out of the area. A minnow who loses the ball leaves it at the side and becomes a shark.
- The next crossing starts as soon as the last minnow is over. Keep crossing until one or two minnows are left; they are the sharks for the next round.
The decision it trains
The minnow on the shore has to read the sea before going: where the sharks stand, where the gaps between them are, and whether to go early with the crowd or wait until a shark commits to someone else. Halfway across, the choices come faster: speed up into space, slow down and shield, or turn away from the shark closing in. The sharks decide too: which minnow to press, and how two of them can close one gap.
Make it harder or easier
What to ask at the breaks
"How did you decide when to leave the shore?"
"Where was the gap, and how did you spot it?"
"Sharks: which minnow did you go for, and why that one?"
Where it is played, and what it is called
Each name links to its sourceFrancel'épervier ballon dribblé Source ↗Eperviers Source ↗Epervier Source ↗Epervier évolutif Source ↗
BrazilMãe da rua, com a bola nos pés Source ↗Mãe da rua Source ↗mãe-da-rua Source ↗mamãe da rua Source ↗
United StatesBritish Bulldog Source ↗Sharks and Minnows Source ↗
CanadaTroll Source ↗Dribble Tag Source ↗
ItalyLo sparviero Source ↗Da meta a meta Source ↗
United KingdomIslands and sea Source ↗
New ZealandCrab Rush Source ↗
AustraliaSharks and Minnows Source ↗
South AfricaSharks and Minnows Source ↗
Where it comes from
It is the football version of a playground crossing game, British Bulldog in Britain and l'épervier in France, where the game was in print by 1891. No source says who first added a ball. The federations of Canada, New Zealand, England and Finland all document a dribbling version, and CONMEBOL's 2021 coaching manual warms up an under-15 session with it, as Mamá de la calle, mãe da rua in Brazil.
Sources (10)
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_bulldog_(game)
- wgtn.ac.nz/lals/research/our-research-areas/new-zealand-english/language-in-the-playground-project/publications/lip65.pdf
- coachtube.com/course_lesson/coaching-youth-soccer-ages-4-to-6/british-bulldog-drill/81738
- learn.englandfootball.com/sessions/resources/2022/Dribbling-session-getting-past-opponents
- fencibles.org.nz/media/176/small-whites-2021-game-cards.pdf
- sportsessionplanner.com/s/4Is8v/i/dWFM/x/38Eh7b
- media.hometeamsonline.com/photos/soccer/BAYFA/Practice_Drills_U6_-_U8.pdf
- canadasoccer.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/CanadaSoccerPathway_CoachsToolKit_ActiveStart_EN.pdf
- canadasoccer.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/CanadaSoccerPathway_CoachsToolKit_FUNdamentals_EN.pdf
- emporiarec.org/DocumentCenter/View/310/U6-U8-Practice-Activities---Part-1-PDF
